Sensors and Signal Processing - Unit-II - Mechanical Measurement- Handwritten Notes

Here added the "UNIT II MECHANICAL MEASUREMENTS"
Temperature: Filled thermometer – Bimetallic thermometer – monometers – elastic transducers
– bourdon gauge – bellows – diaphragm. Vacuum: McLeod gauge, thermal conductivity gauge –
Ionization gauge, flow measurement: orifice, venture, nozzle, pitot tube, turbine flow meter, hot
wire anemometer.

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POWER ELECTRONICS LABORATORY Manual

LIST OF EXPERIMENTS

1. Study of SCR, MOSFET & IGBT characteristics
2. UJT, R, RC firing circuits for SCR
3. Voltage & current commutated chopper
4. SCR phase control circuit
5. TRIAC phase control circuit
6. Study of half controlled & fully controller converters
7. Study of three phase AC regulator
8. Speed control of DC shunt motor using three phase fully controlled converter.
9. SCR single-phase cyclo converter
10. SCR series and parallel inverters
11. IGBT Chopper
12. IGBT based PWM inverter (single phase)

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THERMODYNAMICS PRINCIPLES AND APPLICATIONS -Assignment -I

Assignment Question 

ME3306                THERMODYNAMICS PRINCIPLES AND APPLICATIONS

UNIT I                   FIRST LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS

2 marks

1.       What is thermodynamics

2.       Shortly explain microscopic and macroscopic Thermodynamics

3.       What are the thermodynamic systems , list with examples

4.       List and explain at least two properties of the systems

5.       Define process,path,cycles

6.       State Zeroth law of thermodynamics

7.       State First law of thermodynamics

8.       Explain C_p , C_v and write one relation of it

9.       Write the Steady flow energy equation for unit mass

10.    Write the adiabatic work done and Isothermal Heat transfer equation for non flow system of first law of thermodynamics

16 marks

1.       Derive the First law of thermodynamics equation from the law of conservation of energy with joules experiment, state Perpetual Motion Machine Kind I(PMM-I)

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THERMODYNAMICS PRINCIPLES AND APPLICATIONS - 2 Marks Question & Answers

UNIT I FIRST LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS

1. What do you understand by pure substance?

A pure substance is defined as one that is homogeneous and invariable in chemical composition throughout its mass.

2. Define thermodynamic system.

A thermodynamic system is defined as a quantity of matter or a region in space, on which the analysis of the problem is concentrated.

3. Name the different types of system.

1. Closed system (only energy transfer and no mass transfer) 2. Open system (Both energy and mass transfer) 3. Isolated system (No mass and energy transfer)

4. Define thermodynamic equilibrium.

If a system is in Mechanical, Thermal and Chemical Equilibrium then the system

is in thermodynamically equilibrium. (or) If the system is isolated from its surrounding there will be no change in the macroscopic property, then the system is said to exist in a state of thermodynamic equilibrium.

5. What do you mean by quasi-static process? Infinite slowness is the characteristic feature of a quasi-static

Process. A quasis-static process is that a succession of equilibrium states. A quasi-static process is also called as reversible process.

6. Define Path function.

The work done by a process does not depend upon the end of the process. It depends on the path of the system follows from state 1 to state 2. Hence work is called a path function.

For full document click the below links :

Unit 1 & 2

Unit 3

Unit 4 

Unit 5

Sensors and Signal Processing -2 Mark Question & Answer- Important Questions for Unit-1

Here by attached the 2 mark Question with answer for unit-I and also added the Important questions for Unit-1
 1) What is instrument?

It is a device for determining the value or magnitude of a quantity or variable.

2) Add 826 ± 5 to 628 ± 3.

N1 = 826 ± 5 ( = ± 0.605%)

N2 = 628 ± 3 ( = ± 0.477%)

Sum = 1,454 ± 8 (=± 0.55%)

3) Subtract 628 ± 3 from 826 ± 5.

N1 = 826 ± 5 ( = ± 0.605%)

N2 = 628 ± 3 ( = ± 0.477%)

Difference = 198 ± 8 (= ± 4.04%)

4) List three sources of possible errors in instruments.

Gross Error, Systematic & Random errors.

5) Define Instrumental error

These are the errors inherent in measuring instrument because of their mechanical

structure.

6) Define limiting error

Components are guaranteed to be with in a certain percentage of rated value. Thus

the manufacturer has to specify the deviations from the nominal value of a particular

quantity.

7) Define probable error

It is defined as r = ± 0.6745s where s is standard deviation. Probable error has been used in experimental work to some extent in past, but standard deviation is more convenient in statistical work.

8) Define Environmental error

These are due to conditions in the measuring device, including conditions in the

area surrounding the instrument, such as the effects of changes in temperature,

humidity.

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SENSORS AND SIGNAL PROCESSING Hand Written Notes for Unit-1(lecturer notes)

 Here by attached the Lecturer notes for Sensors and Signal Processing. You can also download them by using the following links.
Units and Standards – Calibration techniques –Errors in Measurements – Generalized Measurement System – Static and dynamic characteristics of transducers – Generalized Performance of Zero Order and First Order Systems - Response of transducers to different time varying inputs – Classification of transducers.

Click here to download the Document-1 (Page 1 to 14)

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KOM 2 Mark Question & Answers

1.       Define Kinematics

Kinematics is the branch of classical mechanics that describes the motion of points, bodies (objects) and systems of bodies (groups of objects) without consideration of the causes of motion.

2.       Define Synthesis and Analysis

Synthesis is the design and facbrication of different parts of mechanism.

Analysis is the study of motions and forces concerning different parts of a mechanism.

3.       Define Mechanism

A mechanism is a device designed to transform input forces and movement into a desired set of output forces and movement. Mechanisms generally consist of moving components such as gears and gear trains, belt and chain drives, cam and follower mechanisms, and linkages as well as friction devices such as brakes and clutches, and structural components such as the frame, fasteners, bearings, springs, lubricants and seals, as well as a variety of specialized machine elements such as splines, pins and keys.

4.       Define a Machine

A machine is a mechanism or a combination of mechanisms which apart from imparting definitive motions to the parts also transmits and modifies the available mechanical energy into some kind of desired work.

5.       What is a rigid body?

Rigid bodies have no distortion,i.e,. the distance between any two points on it remain constant under the action of forces.

6.       What is a resistant body?

These bodies are normally flexible, but on loading becomes rigid.

7.       Define Link.

A resistant body or a group of resistant bodies with rigid connections preventing their relative movement is known as link. Link is a kinematic element.

CNC - 2 mark Question & Answer

1. Define NC system?

NC is defined as a form of programmable automation in which the process is controlled by alphanumeric data.

2. What is MCU?

MCU is a hardware system which reads, interprets and translates the program of instructions into mechanical action of machine tool.

3. List out any four advantage of using NC?

Ø Increased flexibility.

Ø Reduced setup time.

Ø Production of complex part.

Ø Elimination of special jigs and fixtures.

4. What are the limitations of using NC?

Ø Relatively high price.

Ø More complicated maintenance, a special crew is desirable.

Ø Highly skilled and properly trained programmers are needed.

5. What are all the problems encountered with NC system?

Ø Part programming mistakes.

Ø Non-optional speeds and feeds.

Ø Problem with punched tape and tape reader.

Ø Problem with controller and management information.

6. Define CNC?

CNC is defined as a NC system that utilizes a dedicated, stored computer program to perform some or the entire basic NC functions.

7. Write the main functions of CNC?

Ø Machine tool control.

Ø In-process compensation.

Ø Improved programming and operating features.

Ø Diagnostics 

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Sensors & Signal Processing -Characteristics of Transducer - Presentation

•Divided into two categories: static and dynamic characteristics.

•Static characteristics refer to the comparison between steady output and ideal output when the input is constant.

•Dynamic characteristics refer to the comparison between instrument output and ideal output when the input changes.

SYSTEMATIC CHARACTERISTICS

• Range

• Span

• Linearity

• Sensitivity

• Environmental effects

• Hysteresis

• Resolution

• Death space

 

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Modelling & Simulation - 2 Mark Question & Answers

 For Unit - I & II
UNIT I
System and System Environment: Component of a System – Continuous and discrete systems
– Types of model; Steps in Simulation study; Simulation of an event occurrence using random
number table – Single server queue –two server queues – inventory system.
UNIT II
Random number generation: Properties of random numbers – Generation of Pseudo – random
numbers – techniques of generating pseudo random numbers; Test for random numbers: the
Chisquare test-the kolmogrov Smirnov test – Runs test – Gap test – poker test.

Click Here to download the 2 mark Q & A Document

Power Electronics - Two Mark Question & Answers for Unit-I

 For unit -I
Principle of operation – Characteristics of power diodes, SCR, TRIAC, GTO, Power BJT, Power
MOSFET and IGBT – Thyristor protection circuits.

Here by attached the two mark Q & A. Click Here to download the doument.

SENSORS AND SIGNAL PROCESSING and SENSORS AND SIGNAL PROCESSING LABORATORY - Syllabus

EC3303          SENSORS AND SIGNAL PROCESSING                                                            
UNIT I              SCIENCE OF MEASUREMENT                                                  9

Units and Standards – Calibration techniques –Errors in Measurements – Generalized Measurement System – Static and dynamic characteristics of transducers – Generalized Performance of Zero Order and First Order Systems - Response of transducers to different time varying inputs – Classification of transducers

UNIT II          MECHANICAL MEASUREMENTS                                                       9

Temperature: Filled thermometer – Bimetallic thermometer – monometers – elastic transducers – bourdon gauge – bellows – diaphragm. Vacuum: McLeod gauge, thermal conductivity gauge – Ionization gauge, flow measurement: orifice, venture, nozzle, pilot tube, turbine flow meter, hot wire anemometer.

UNIT III        ELECTRICAL MEASUREMENTS                                                         9

Resistive transducers – Potentiometer– RTD – Thermistor – Thermocouple – Strain gauges – use in displacement, temperature, force measurement – Inductive transducer – LVDT – RVDT – use in displacement – Capacitive transducer – Piezo electric transducer – Digital displacement  transducers.

UNIT IV        SMART SENSORS                                                                                     9

Radiation Sensors - Smart Sensors - Film sensor, MEMS & Nano Sensors – applications -  Automobile, Aerospace, Home appliances, Manufacturing, Medical diagnostics, Environmental monitoring.

UNIT V          SIGNAL CONDITIONING AND DATA ACQUISITION                     9

Amplification – Filtering – Sample and Hold circuits –Data Acquisition: Single channel and multi channel data acquisition – Data logging.

TOTAL = 45 PERIODS

REFERENCES

1. E. O. Doebelin, ‘Measurement Systems – Applications and Design ‘, Tata McGraw Hill, edition 1992.

2. A. K. Sawhney, ‘ A course in Electrical and Electronic Measurement and Instrumentation’, Dhanpat Rai and Co (P) Ltd, 2004.

3. Beckwith, Marangoni and Lienhard, ‘Mechanical Measurements’, Addison – Wesley, 5th Edition, 2000.

4. D. Roy Choudry, Sheil Jain, ‘ Linear Integrated Circuits’, New Age International Pvt. Ltd., 2000.

5. Patranabis. D, “Sensors and Transducers”, 2nd edition PHI, New Delhi, 2003.

EC3308           SENSORS AND SIGNAL PROCESSING LABORATORY     L   T   P   C

0    0   3    2

LIST OF EXPERIMENTS

1. Measurement of temperature using thermocouple, thermistor and RTD

2. Measurement of displacement using POT, LVDT & Capacitive transducer

3. Torque measurement using torque measuring devices

4. Strain Measurement using strain gauge

5. Servomotor position control using photo electric pickup

6. Wave Shaping circuit

7. Analog to Digital Converters

8. Digital Comparator

9. Voltage to frequency converter

10. Frequency to Voltage Converter

11. Position and velocity measurement using encoders

12. Study on the application of data acquisition system for industrial purposes

TOTAL: 45 PERIODS

You can download the syllabus in word format by Clicking Here